III. Internet II
Completion requirements
4. Internet
Internet II
IP-Addresses
> traceroute www.fau.de 1 3 ms 2 ms
3 ms fritz.box [192.168.178.1]
2 9 ms 9 ms 10ms loopback1.0002.acln.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de [62.52.201.185]
3 10 ms 9
ms 9 ms bundle-ether16.0004.dbrx.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de [62.53.2.94]
4 9 ms 8 ms
10 ms ae2-0.0001.prrx.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de [62.53.11.127]
5 11 ms 10
ms 9 ms dfn.bcix.de [193.178.185.42]
6 18 ms 14 ms
14 ms cr-lap1-be8.x-win.dfn.de [188.1.144.25]
7 19 ms 19 ms
18 ms kr-erl74-6.x-win.dfn.de [188.1.237.202]
8 21 ms 18 ms
18 ms constellation.gate.uni-erlangen.de [131.188.20.95]
9 22 ms 18 ms
18 ms prime.gate.uni-erlangen.de [131.188.10.27]
10 19 ms 19 ms
18 ms zuvcmslb.rrze.uni-erlangen.de [131.188.16.209]In the example above, 10 stations were visited before the target server was reached. A host name and a number sequence (e.g.
192.168.0.1) is specified for each station.This is a so-called IP address (abbreviation for: Internet Protocol Address). An IP address is a unique address in a computer network which - similar to our private address - ensures that packets can be addressed to us. Every device in a network is assigned an IP address. Only then can it be reached. Hostnames can then be used to address computers without knowing the IP address.
By the way...
Incidentally, each number of a typical four-digit IP address consists of 8 bits. Converted to the decimal system, this results in numbers between 0 and 255 (192.168.178.1 is simply easier to read than 11000000.10101000.10110010.1)
In total, such an IP address is 32 bits long and can provide addresses for 232232 computers. That's around four billion devices.
As this is of course not enough for all the people on this planet and certainly not enough for all smart fridges, washing machines, etc., the decision was made to assign longer IP addresses. The 32 bit version that we have just seen is therefore strictly speaking a so-called IPv4 address (i.e. version 4). In comparison, the longer IPv6 address is 128 bits long. With 128 bits, the many smart objects are no longer a problem, as the number of possible IPv6 addresses is sufficient for around 10381038 devices.
PS: IPv6 addresses are often created using the Hexadecimal system and then look like this, for example: 2001:db8:0:8d3:0:8a2e:70:7344.
In total, such an IP address is 32 bits long and can provide addresses for 232232 computers. That's around four billion devices.
As this is of course not enough for all the people on this planet and certainly not enough for all smart fridges, washing machines, etc., the decision was made to assign longer IP addresses. The 32 bit version that we have just seen is therefore strictly speaking a so-called IPv4 address (i.e. version 4). In comparison, the longer IPv6 address is 128 bits long. With 128 bits, the many smart objects are no longer a problem, as the number of possible IPv6 addresses is sufficient for around 10381038 devices.
PS: IPv6 addresses are often created using the Hexadecimal system and then look like this, for example: 2001:db8:0:8d3:0:8a2e:70:7344.
! Your computer has also been assigned an IP address. Visit www.wieistmeineip.de to find out the IP address of your device.